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我国是世界上水资源最为缺乏的国家之一。作为农业大国,农业用水量占总用水量的70％以上。今年我国发生的20世纪90年代以来最严重的大面积旱灾再一次表明,干旱缺水日益成为威胁农业发展的主要危害,大力发展节水农业成为实现我国农业可持续发展的重要选择。但是,目前一些地方对农业节水在认识和实践上还存在着一些误区,在工作思路上要作调整。 在认识上,要由就节水论节水向提高水资源利用效率和效益上转变。传统意义的农业节水,主要指减少水在输送和灌溉过程中的渗漏等浪费,方式则主要通过开展喷灌、滴灌等节水措施。而从世界银行、以色列等开展节水的实践经验看,节水的实际意义在于减少水资源的无效损失量,提高单位水资源的利用效率和利用效益。这是在节水认识上的一次飞跃。基于此,农业节水应包括提高自然降水、灌
Our country is one of the countries with the most water shortage in the world. As a big agricultural country, agricultural water accounts for more than 70% of the total water consumption. This year, the worst drought in our country since the 1990s has once again demonstrated that drought and water scarcity are increasingly becoming the major threats to agricultural development. To vigorously develop water-saving agriculture has become an important choice for realizing the sustainable development of agriculture in our country. However, there are still some misunderstandings in understanding and practicing water conservation in some places at present, and adjustments should be made in the work train of thought. In understanding, it is necessary to save water on the water saving to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of water resources on the change. The traditional agricultural water saving mainly refers to reducing the waste of water during transportation and irrigation, and the main methods are water saving measures such as sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation. From the World Bank, Israel and other water-saving practices to see practical significance of saving water is to reduce the ineffective loss of water resources and improve water use efficiency and utilization of units. This is a leap in water saving awareness. Based on this, agricultural water saving should include increasing natural precipitation and irrigation