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目的了解鲍曼不动杆菌的临床分布和耐药性的变迁,分析并比较血液分离菌株与痰液分离菌株的耐药率,为控制医院内感染及合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法收集2013年6月-2016年5月温州医科大学附属第一医院住院患者血液与痰液中分离的鲍曼不动杆菌共1 500株,分析其耐药率;并分析比较3年来痰液分离菌株对各种抗菌药物的耐药性是否有显著变化。结果鲍曼不动杆菌引起的感染无明显季节性,发病人群以中老年患者为主,主要分离自重症监护室。痰液分离菌株对所有临床常用抗菌药物的耐药率都明显高于血液分离菌株,痰液分离菌株对多种抗菌药物的耐药率逐年上升。结论鲍曼不动杆菌的临床分离率高,耐药情况严重,应加强细菌耐药监测。
Objective To understand the clinical distribution and drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii, to analyze and compare the drug resistance rate between blood-strain isolates and sputum isolates, and to provide basis for the control of nosocomial infections and rational use of antibacterials. Methods A total of 1 500 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from blood and sputum from inpatients of the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from June 2013 to May 2016 were collected and their drug resistance rates were analyzed. Isolates strains of various antimicrobial resistance whether there are significant changes. Results Acinetobacter baumannii infection was not seasonal, the incidence of middle-aged and elderly patients, mainly isolated from the intensive care unit. The rates of resistance of sputum isolates to all clinical antibacterials were significantly higher than that of blood isolates, and the rates of resistance to various antibacterials in sputum isolates were increasing year by year. Conclusion Acinetobacter baumanii clinical isolation rate is high, drug resistance is serious, should be strengthened bacterial resistance monitoring.