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[目的]了解闽清县乙型肝炎感染状况及发病规律,分析其流行因素,为制订该县乙型肝炎预防控制策略提供科学依据。[方法]采用整群抽样法,以家庭为单位进行随机抽样,用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测乙肝两对半,用EpiDate3.01建立数据库,并采用SPSS13.0进行统计分析。[结果]共调查1409人,HBV感染率为65.79%,HBsAg阳性率为9.65%,抗-HBs阳性率为43.36%,HBeAg阳性率为2.34%,抗-HBe阳性率为13.91%,抗-HBc阳性率为59.61%。共有17种感染模式,以5项全阴模式居首位。HBsAg阳性率男性高于女性,从年龄分布来看,HBsAg阳性率呈中间高、两头低的趋势,15岁以下儿童HBsAg阳性率仅为2.93%(8/273),以20～24岁组最高达20.0%。有乙肝疫苗免疫史的人,其HBsAg阳性率、抗-HBe阳性率、抗-HBc阳性率均低于无免疫史的人。既往有医疗行为者HBsAg阳性率高于无医疗行为者。[结论]在继续做好新生儿乙肝疫苗免疫接种的同时,应进一步扩大疫苗免疫范围。严格血液及血制品和医疗机构消毒管理工作,这样才能有效遏制乙型肝炎发病的上升势头。
[Objective] To understand the status and pathogenesis of hepatitis B infection in Minqing County and to analyze its epidemic factors, so as to provide a scientific basis for formulating hepatitis B prevention and control strategies in this county. [Method] The method of cluster sampling was used to randomly sample families. The hepatitis B virus was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for two and a half pairs. EpiDate3.01 was used to establish the database and SPSS13.0 was used for statistical analysis. [Results] A total of 1409 people were investigated, the HBV infection rate was 65.79%, the positive rate of HBsAg was 9.65%, the positive rate of anti-HBs was 43.36%, the positive rate of HBeAg was 2.34%, the positive rate of anti-HBe was 13.91% The positive rate was 59.61%. A total of 17 kinds of infection patterns, with 5 all overcast pattern ranks first. The positive rate of HBsAg in males was higher than that in females. According to the age distribution, the positive rate of HBsAg was middle and low at both ends. The positive rate of HBsAg in children under 15 years old was only 2.93% (8/273) Up to 20.0%. People with a history of hepatitis B vaccine immunization, HBsAg positive rate, anti-HBe positive rate, anti-HBc positive rate were lower than those without immunization history. In the past, the positive rate of HBsAg among medical agents was higher than that of non-medical ones. [Conclusion] While continuing to do immunization of neonatal hepatitis B vaccine, the scope of vaccine immunization should be further expanded. Strict blood and blood products and medical institutions disinfection management, so as to effectively curb the upward trend in the incidence of hepatitis B.