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本文采用对比法对沈阳农业大学长期（１９８９～１９９２）地膜覆盖定位试验地棕壤中磷素的平衡与变化情况进行了全面研究．结果表明：覆膜之后土壤磷移出量增多而积累量减少。地膜覆盖降低了土壤无机磷和有机磷的含量，其中下降幅度最大的是Ａｌ－Ｐ形态磷和中等活性有机磷；而Ｆｅ－Ｐ和Ｃａ－Ｐ形态磷含量有所提高．覆膜后土壤中吸附磷和保持磷的数量下降，而解吸磷能力增强、试验结果还表明增施有机肥能显著提高上壤有机磷和无机磷的含量以及提高磷的解吸能力，增加幅度最大的是Ａｌ－Ｐ和中等活性有机磷。因此，增施有机肥是恢复和提高覆膜后土壤磷素肥力的较好措施。
In this paper, a comprehensive study was conducted on the balance and changes of phosphorus in brown soil during the long-term (1989-1992) film mulching experiment in Shenyang Agricultural University by using the comparative method. The results showed that after the film mulching, the amount of phosphorus removal increased and the accumulation decreased. The plastic film mulching reduced the content of inorganic phosphorus and organic phosphorus in soil, and the most significant decrease was Al-P form and moderately active organic matter; while the content of Fe-P and Ca-P in form of P was increased. The results showed that the addition of organic manure could significantly increase the content of organic phosphorus and inorganic phosphorus and increase the desorption capacity of phosphorus, the largest increase Al-P and moderately active organic phosphorus. Therefore, the application of organic manure is a better measure to restore and enhance the phosphorus fertility of soil after mulching.