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目的调查北京密云县大、中、小学一年级新生结核病感染情况。方法对大、中、小学新生进行结核菌素试验(PPD),并对其感染特点进行分析。结果大学、初中、小学一年级学生结素试验阴性率(<5mm)分别为30.2%、67.4%和79.4%。结素试验一般阳性率(≥5mm)分别为38.5%、26.3%和17.6%。强阳性率(≥15mm人数)分别为31.3%、6.3%和3.0%。各年级阳性率及强阳性率均有显著差别,年级越高,阳性及强阳性学生的比例越高。有结核病接触史的学生强阳性率(45.2%)比无接触史的(10.6%),高34.6个百分点。强阳性学生的活动性肺结核发现率为1.1%。结论把大学、中学生作为结核病预防治疗对象,是控制结核病在学校流行的重要措施。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of tuberculosis among freshmen in primary, secondary and primary schools in Miyun County, Beijing. Methods The tuberculin test (PPD) was performed on the freshmen in primary, middle and primary schools. The infection characteristics were analyzed. Results The negative rate (<5mm) of the first-grade test in junior college, junior middle school and primary school were 30.2%, 67.4% and 79.4% respectively. The common positive rate of knot test (≥5mm) were 38.5%, 26.3% and 17.6% respectively. Strong positive rate (≥ 15mm number) were 31.3%, 6.3% and 3.0%. There was a significant difference in the positive rate and strong positive rate in all grades. The higher the grade, the higher the proportion of positive and strongly positive students. The strong positive rate of students with history of TB exposure (45.2%) was 34.6 percentage points higher than that of non-exposure history (10.6%). Strong positive students found that the rate of active tuberculosis was 1.1%. Conclusions Taking university and middle school students as the target of TB prevention and treatment is an important measure to control TB prevalence in schools.