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Turkdogan规则是铁合金熔体中碳的溶解度线性浓度规则;Здановский规则是水活度恒定条件下混合电解质水溶液的线性浓度规则.它们都是化学势μ_0为恒定条件下的线性浓度规则. 本文把这两个规则分别用克分子分数、重量克分子数和重量百分数这三种浓度单位来表示,并推广应用于各类n元(n≥3)溶液的各种热力学性质ψ,成为偏克分子数量ψ_0恒定条件下线性浓度规则,同时指出Здановский型规则是Turkdogan型规则推广至ψ_0恒定条件下的整个浓度范围内时的特例. 上述结论用液态和固态合金溶液、熔盐、电解质溶液、聚合物溶液的Gibbs自由能、热焓、热容和体积等性质的文献数据作了验证.
The Turkdogan rule is a linear rule for the solubility of carbon in ferroalloy melts. The Здановский rule is a linear rule for the concentration of a mixed electrolyte in a constant water activity. Both of them are linear concentration rules for a constant chemical potential μ_0. The rules are respectively expressed in three concentration units of mole fraction, weight fraction and weight fraction, and are applied to various thermodynamic properties ψ of various n-type (n≥3) solutions, and become the number of partial molecules ψ_0 The linear concentration rule under constant conditions is also pointed out and the Здановский type rule is a special case when the Turkdogan type rule is extended to the whole concentration range under ψ_0 constant condition.The above conclusion is made with the solution of liquid and solid alloy, molten salt, electrolyte solution, Gibbs free energy, enthalpy, heat capacity and volume and other properties of the literature data were verified.