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目的分析食盐加碘量调整对儿童和孕妇碘营养水平的影响。方法对食盐加碘量为20~50mg/kg的2011年和食盐加碘量为21~39mg/kg的2014年常德市碘缺乏病监测中儿童及孕妇碘营养状况进行比对分析。结果 2011年、2014年分别检测居民户碘盐120、150份,盐碘含量中位数分别为29.3、26.3mg/kg,分别检测儿童尿样636、150份,尿碘中位数分别为339.0、276.5μg/L,尿碘<100μg/L者所占比例分别为5.03%、1.33%,>300μg/L的比例分别为62.40%、36.70%。8~10岁儿童甲肿率(B超法)分别检测120、150人,甲状腺肿大率分别为4.17%、0.00%,孕妇尿样分别检测45、60份,尿碘中位数分别为269.2、218.6μg/L,<150μg/L的比例分别为20.00%、25.00%,>500μg/L的比例分别为2.22%、3.33%。结论调整食盐加碘量后常德市儿童甲状腺肿大率、儿童和孕妇尿碘中位数均明显下降,儿童碘营养摆脱过量水平,但仍超过适宜量,孕妇碘营养适宜,人群中同时存在碘营养水平过量和不足的风险。
Objective To analyze the effect of salt iodization on iodine nutrition in children and pregnant women. Methods The iodine nutritional status of children and pregnant women in 2011 with iodized iodine of 20-50 mg / kg and iodized iodine of 21-39 mg / kg in 2014 was compared and analyzed. Results In 2011 and 2014, 120,150 iodized salt were detected in households and the median salt iodine contents were 29.3 and 26.3 mg / kg respectively, 636,150 urine samples were detected in children and the median urinary iodine was 339.0 , 276.5μg / L, urinary iodine <100μg / L respectively, the proportions of them were 5.03%, 1.33% and> 300μg / L were 62.40% and 36.70% respectively. The rate of goiter (B-ultrasonography) in children aged 8-10 years were 120,150, the rates of goiter were 4.17% and 0.00% respectively. The urine samples of pregnant women were detected 45 and 60 respectively, and the urinary iodine median was 269.2 , 218.6μg / L and <150μg / L were respectively 20.00%, 25.00%, and> 500μg / L respectively, they were 2.22% and 3.33% respectively. Conclusions The goiter rate, the median urinary iodine of children and pregnant women in Changde city after the adjustment of salt iodization were significantly decreased. Children iodine nutrition to get rid of excessive levels, but still more than the appropriate amount, suitable iodine nutrition for pregnant women, iodine in the co-existence of iodine Risk of over and undernutrition