在过去几十年中,尽管我们同旧的史学传统的联系一直没有中断过,但自古以来指导史学的研究方式却失去其优势地位。历史学家在研究和撰写从古希腊直到最近几年的历史方面,始终保持着高度的连续性。如果我们只看到一种类型的史学,那当然是错误的,然而修昔的底斯(Thucydides)的《伯罗奔尼撒战争史》却提供了一种模式,不仅古代的史学家奉 In the past few decades, although our connection with the old historiography has not been interrupted, the research methods that guided historiography since ancient times have lost their dominance. Historians have maintained a high degree of continuity in the study and writing of history from ancient Greece until recent years. If we only see one type of historiography, of course it is wrong, yet Thucydides’s History of the Peloponnesian War provided a model not only for ancient historians