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根区局部灌溉(PRI)是新的高效节水技术,由于创造了一个土壤水分分布不均匀的环境,从而影响土壤水分养分利用。通过盆栽试验,研究了PRI和有机无机氮(N)比例对玉米干物质积累和水分利用以及拔节期、大喇叭口期和灌浆期土壤N、磷(P)含量的影响。试验设3种灌溉方式,即常规灌溉(CI),分根区交替灌溉(APRI),固定部分根区灌溉(FPRI)和3种有机无机N比例,即100%无机N(F1),70%无机N+30%有机N(F2),40%无机N+60%有机N(F3)。与CI相比,PRI玉米耗水量减少7.7%～17.1%,水分利用效率(WUE)提高2.4%～14.1%;玉米生长后期PRI湿润区土壤速效N和P含量较低,而PRI干燥区则较高。3种灌溉处理时,与F1相比,F2和F3时玉米总干物质质量和耗水量有所增加,从而玉米WUE分别提高5.5%～10.8%和0.5%～7.9%。这表明PRI和适当有机N比例可以有效提高玉米水分利用效率,且FPRI较APRI易造成干湿区域土壤速效N和P含量的差异明显。
Regional Root Irrigation (PRI) is a new efficient water-saving technology that affects the use of soil moisture and nutrients due to the creation of an unevenly distributed soil moisture environment. Pot experiments were carried out to study the effects of PRI and organic-inorganic nitrogen (N) ratio on dry matter accumulation and water use of maize and soil N and P contents at jointing stage, bolls and grain filling stage. Three kinds of irrigation methods, namely conventional irrigation (CI), alternate root zone irrigation (APRI), fixed partial root zone irrigation (FPRI) and three kinds of organic and inorganic N ratios (100% inorganic N (F1) Inorganic N + 30% Organic N (F2), 40% Inorganic N + 60% Organic N (F3). Compared with CI, the water consumption of PRI maize decreased by 7.7% -17.1% and water use efficiency (WUE) increased by 2.4% -14.1%, while the soil available N and P contents in the PRI wetting area were lower in the later maize growth stage, high. Compared with F1, the total dry matter mass and water consumption of maize increased at F2 and F3, and the WUE of maize increased by 5.5% -10.8% and 0.5% -7.9%, respectively. This indicates that PRI and appropriate organic N ratio can effectively improve the water use efficiency of maize, and FPRI is more obvious than APRI in easily causing soil available N and P contents in wet and dry areas.