历史数据库是数字技术与史学观念相互激荡的产物,它既是史学研究方法的技术载体,又改进、创新着研究方法。典藏检索型数据库的研发基于传统实证史学理念和文献考据方法,量化分析型数据库的设计则植根于历史研究的社会科学化与统计学方法,而数据库又使这两种史学方法得到改进,发挥出最大效能。近年来,数字人文这一技术革命催生的数据库,给史学方法创新提供了可能,并且与注重文本脉络与历史脉络交错关系的当下史学趋势暗合。 Historical database is a product of mutual excitement of digital technology and historical concept. It is not only the technical carrier of historical research methods, but also the improvement and innovation of research methods. Based on the traditional empirical historiography and literature research methods, the design of quantitative analytic databases is rooted in the social sciences and statistical methods of historical research, and the database makes these two historical methods improved Out of the maximum efficiency. In recent years, the digital humanities, a database evoked by this technological revolution, has made it possible to innovate historiography methods, and coincides with the current trend of historiography that focuses on the interplay of context and historical context.