Based on the charge injection and recombination processes and the triplet-triplet annihilation process, a model to calculate the electroluminescent(EL) efficiency is presented. The influences of the applied electric field on the injection efficiency, recombination efficiency and electroluminescent efficiency are discussed. It is found that: (1) The injection efficiency is increasing while the recombination efficiency is decreasing with the applied electric field increasing. (2) The EL efficiency is enhanced at low electric field slowly but is decreasing at high electric field with the increase of applied voltage. (3) The EL efficiency is decreasing with the increase of the host-guest molecular distance (R). So, it is concluded that the EL efficiency in single-layer organic electrophosphorescent devices is dominated by injection efficiency at lower electric field and recombination efficiency at higher electric field.