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目的建立卷尾猴正常月经周期卵泡生长发育变化规律及排卵的超声监测(ultrasound examination,US)技术。方法采用阴道细胞涂片及超声监测技术,对5只卷尾猴连续3个周期检查阴道细胞变化,对卵泡生长发育进行超声监测。结果阴道脱落细胞在生殖周期内呈周期性变化,月经周期为(21.13±2)d。阴道细胞学涂片显示卷尾猴的月经周期分为以下各期:月经期(menstrual phase,M)、滤泡期(follicular phase,F)、排卵前期(pre-ovulationphase,Po),黄体期(luteal phase,L)。US技术在滤泡期及排卵前期可观测到直径约3~9 mm的优势卵泡(dominantfollicle,DF)的生长过程。当DF较前一天至少小10%,轮廓不规则,回声较以前强,阴道细胞涂片显示淋巴细胞出现,提示排卵已发生,黄体开始形成。结论B型超声技术能实时监测卷尾猴的卵泡生长发育过程,预知优势卵泡排卵时间。
Objective To establish the rule of follicular growth and development and normal ovulation by ultrasound examination (USC) technique in the normal menstrual cycle of capuchin. Methods Vaginal cell smears and ultrasonic monitoring techniques were used to examine vaginal changes in 5 capuchin monkeys for three consecutive cycles and to monitor the growth and development of follicles by ultrasound. Results Vaginal exfoliative cells showed periodic changes in the reproductive cycle, the menstrual cycle was (21.13 ± 2) d. Vaginal cytology smears showed that the monkey's menstrual cycle was divided into the following phases: menstrual phase (M), follicular phase (F), pre-ovulation phase (Po), luteal phase luteal phase, L). US technology in the follicular phase and early ovulation observed diameter of about 3 ~ 9 mm of the dominant follicle (dominantfollicle, DF) growth process. When the DF is at least 10% smaller than the previous day, the outline is irregular and the echoes are stronger than before. The vaginal smears show lymphocytes, suggesting ovulation has taken place and the luteal mass begins to form. Conclusion B-mode ultrasound can monitor the growth and development of the capuchin monkey in real time and predict the ovulation time of the dominant follicle.