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盐对混合溶剂汽液平衡的影响,近几年来引起了较为广泛的重视。加盐于二元溶液可以改变溶剂的相对挥发度。此效应在以研究溶剂的分离为目的时是很重要的。另外,含盐溶液的汽——液平衡数据在了解和解释该溶液内部的结构特征和热力学性质是很重要和很有价值的。当从微观上来考察溶液中各组分之间所可能存在的相互作用,这样的数据可以提供出直接的或间接的信息,诸如盐在溶液中的溶剂化数、溶剂相对挥发度的改变、溶液恒沸组成的移动或破坏,每一组分的活度系数以及其它一些过量热力学函数等。这个课题迄今已发表了很多文章。本文中作者在对参考文献作一简单评述的同时,还在自己实验室中所得到的结果和工作的基础上,讨论和分析了以下几个主要方面: 1、利用盐对溶液汽——液平衡的影响来考察溶液的内部结构,盐的溶剂化以及溶液中存在的各种相互作用。 2、详细地分析二元溶液加盐前后溶剂相对挥发度的改变。正如题目的意思,本文的目的在于强调汽——浪平衡测定在研究溶液的盐效应是一个非常有效的方法之一。
The influence of salt on the vapor-liquid equilibrium of mixed solvents has attracted more extensive attention in recent years. Adding salt to the binary solution can change the relative volatility of the solvent. This effect is important for studying the separation of solvents. In addition, vapor-liquid equilibrium data of saline solutions are important and valuable in understanding and explaining the structural and thermodynamic properties of the solution. When microscopically examining possible interactions between components in a solution, such data may provide direct or indirect information such as the number of solvates of the salt in solution, changes in the relative volatility of the solvent, Azeotropic composition of the mobile or destruction, activity coefficient of each component and some other excess thermodynamic functions. So far, many issues have been published on this topic. In this paper, the author made a brief comment on the reference, but also in the laboratory based on the results and work obtained, the following major aspects are discussed and analyzed: 1, the use of salt solution vapor - liquid The effect of equilibrium is to examine the internal structure of the solution, the solvation of the salt and the various interactions present in the solution. 2, a detailed analysis of the binary solution before and after salt solvent relative volatility change. As the title suggests, the purpose of this paper is to highlight that the salt-water balance measurement is one of the most effective ways to study the salt effect of a solution.