十九世紀前半期的俄罗斯帝国,是一个封建农奴制度占統治地位的国家,生产发展的水平很低,耕作的方式依然是原始的状态,災荒常常使农奴的經济情况恶化。为了使自己更加富有,地主却加强剝削农奴,农奴处在极度无权的地位上。作为帝国一部分的烏克 The Russian Empire in the first half of the nineteenth century was a country dominated by the feudal serfdom. The level of production and development was very low and the way of farming was still primitive. Famine often caused the economic situation of serfs to deteriorate. In order to make themselves richer, the landowners stepped up their exploitation of serfs and the serfs were extremely powerless. Ukraine as part of the empire