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以福建省永安市集约经营的毛竹纯林(Ⅰ)、竹阔混交林(Ⅱ)和竹针混交林(Ⅲ)3种类型林分为研究对象,对其N、P、K、Ca、Mg元素分布格局及生物循环特征进行了研究。结果表明,毛竹林N、P、K、Ca、Mg5种养分元素的排列顺序为土壤层>乔木层>凋落物层>灌木层>草本层,其中土壤层(0～60cm)养分累积量占系统养分总量>99%。3种林分养分元素累积量的排列顺序为Ⅱ>Ⅰ>Ⅲ,分别为146196.59、144466.35和105002.59kg.hm-2,其中植被层养分累积量的排列顺序为Ⅰ>Ⅱ>Ⅲ,凋落物层和土壤层养分累积量排列顺序为Ⅱ>Ⅰ>Ⅲ,竹阔混交林土壤层和凋落物层养分累积量最高,立地生产潜力最大。林分Ⅰ和Ⅱ的养分利用系数显著高于林分Ⅲ,反映了林分维持高生产力需要消耗更多的养分元素;循环系数排列顺序为Ⅲ>Ⅱ>Ⅰ,竹针混交林和竹阔混交林维持林木生长所需的养分元素少于毛竹纯林;毛竹纯林养分周转时间最长,竹阔混交林次之,竹针混交林最短,分别为31.89年、12.39年和12.23年,混交林周转时间显著低于毛竹纯林。竹阔混交林既有较高的生产力,又有较强的养分归还能力,是一种较好的经营方式。
In this paper, three types of stands, ie pure bamboo (Ⅰ), mixed bamboo (broadleaved) forest and mixed bamboo (bamboo) forest of intensive management in Yongan, Fujian Province, were selected as the research object, and their N, P, K, Ca, Mg Elemental distribution pattern and biological cycle characteristics were studied. The results showed that the order of nutrient elements of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in Moso bamboo stands was soil layer> tree layer> litter layer> shrub layer> herb layer, of which, nutrient accumulation in soil layer The total amount of system nutrients> 99%. The order of nutrient accumulation in the three stands was Ⅱ> Ⅰ> Ⅲ, which was 146196.59, 144466.35 and 105002.59kg.hm-2, respectively. The order of nutrient accumulation in the vegetation layer was Ⅰ> Ⅱ> Ⅲ, litter layer And soil nutrients accumulated in the order of Ⅱ> Ⅰ> Ⅲ. The nutrient accumulation in the soil layer and the litter layer in the mixed plantation of bamboo and broad-leaved forest was the highest, and the potential for site production was the highest. The nutrient use efficiency of stand Ⅰ and Ⅱ was significantly higher than stand Ⅲ, which reflected that the nutrient components needed to be consumed by stand were higher. The order of circulation was Ⅲ> Ⅱ> Ⅰ, bamboo-needle mixed forest and bamboo- The nutrient elements required for forest growth were less than that of pure bamboo forest; the pure forest had the longest turn-around time, the second was mixed bamboo-broadleaf forest and the shortest was bamboo-needle mixed forest, which were 31.89 years, 12.39 years and 12.23 years, Turnover time was significantly lower than pure bamboo forest. It is a good mode of operation that both the mixed forest of broad-leaved and broad-leaved forests has high productivity and strong ability of returning nutrients.