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目的分析泰安市岱岳区2011~2014年发热伴血小板减少综合征(SFTS)病例的流行特征,为防控提供建议和对策。方法收集整理岱岳区2011~2014年SFTS病例个案调查表及人口资料,利用描述性流行病学方法分析病例临床表现和流行病学特征。结果 2011~2014年岱岳区共报告SFTS病人87例,年平均发病率为2.23/10万,死亡17例,病死率为17.24%(15/87),不同年份发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。病例以≥50岁为主(83.91%),5~7月为发病高峰(65.52%),以农民发病(95.40%)为主。所有病例均伴有发热,血小板、白细胞计数减少;83.91%病例伴有食欲减退,74.71%病例伴有乏力,40.23%病例伴有畏寒,24.14%病例伴有全身酸痛,20.69%病例伴有恶心,36.78%病例伴有淋巴结肿大等非特异性临床表现和体征。95.40%(83/87)病例居住在山区丘陵村庄,病前两周有农田种植等户外活动的比例为68.97%(60/87),24.14%(21/87)病例发病前有明确蜱叮咬史。结论岱岳区SFTS是近年来岱岳区新发的传染病,具有较明确的流行病学特征,蜱为主要的传播媒介。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) from 2011 to 2014 in Daiyue District, Tai’an City, so as to provide suggestions and countermeasures for prevention and control. Methods A case-control questionnaire and demographic data on SFTS cases from 2011 to 2014 in Daiyue District were collected and analyzed, and the clinical manifestations and epidemiological characteristics of the cases were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 87 SFTS patients were reported in Daiyue District from 2011 to 2014, with an average annual incidence rate of 2.23 / lakh and 17 deaths. The case fatality rate was 17.24% (15/87). There were significant differences in the incidence rates between different years P <0.01). The cases were more than 50 years old (83.91%), the peak was from May to July (65.52%), and the incidence of peasants was 95.40%. All cases were accompanied by fever, platelets, white blood cell count decreased; 83.91% cases accompanied by loss of appetite, 74.71% cases with fatigue, 40.23% cases with chills, 24.14% cases with body aches, 20.69% cases with nausea , 36.78% cases with non-specific clinical manifestations such as lymph nodes and signs. 95.40% (83/87) of the cases lived in mountainous hilly villages with the rate of 68.97% (60/87) and 24.14% (21/87) in the two weeks before the illness . Conclusion Daiyue District SFTS is a new infectious disease in Daiyue District in recent years, with a clear epidemiological characteristics, ticks as the main media.