1989年月3底至4月中旬该院婴儿室暴发流行性新生儿腹泻计58例,占同期产婴总数39.2％。其中重型12例,死亡3例,死亡率5.2％。病原菌为致病性大肠杆菌O_(119)B_(14),大便培养阳性率为45％。药物敏感试验新霉素高度敏感。治疗选用新霉素,禁食、补液,尤注重纠正代谢性酸中中毒及支持疗法。中度脱水酸中毒患儿阴离子隙(AG)正常,而重度脱水酸中毒患儿AG均增高,提示AG可作为腹泻合并脱水酸中毒时观察病情的客观指标。 58 cases of epidemic neonatal diarrhea were reported in infants’ room of the hospital from the 3rd of December 1989 to the middle of April 1989, accounting for 39.2% of the total infants born in the same period. Of these, 12 were severe and 3 died, with a mortality rate of 5.2%. The pathogen was pathogenic Escherichia coli O_ (119) B_ (14), stool culture positive rate was 45%. Drug sensitivity test neomycin is highly sensitive. Selection of neomycin treatment, fasting, rehydration, especially focusing on the correction of metabolic acidosis and supportive therapy. Children with moderate dehydration acidosis anion gap (AG) normal, and AG in children with severe dehydration acidosis increased, suggesting that AG can be used as an objective indicator of diarrhea with dehydration and acidosis observed.