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小额信贷是一项为低收入人群和小型、非正式企业提供有限金额借款的金融服务。越来越多的金融机构开始提供小额信贷服务,包括银行和非银行机构,该项业务也开始成为金融机构的核心业务或者多元化产品的一部分。正如有效银行监管的核心原则中建议的,吸收公众存款的非银行机构,应受到与其交易类型和规模相适应的监管。一般来说,小额信贷监管,无论是针对银行或是针对其它吸收存款类机构,都应该权衡小额信贷监管成本与小额信贷促进金融普惠之间的利弊。为帮助各国制定统一的小额信贷监管法规,巴塞尔银行监管委员会的小额金融工作组制订了核心原则指南,指导存款机构在许可范围内开展小额信贷业务。
Microfinance is a financial service that provides a limited amount of borrowing for low-income people and small and non-formal businesses. A growing number of financial institutions are starting to offer microfinance services, including banks and non-bank institutions, which are also beginning to become part of the core business or diversification of financial institutions. As suggested in the core principles of effective banking regulation, non-banking institutions that absorb public deposits should be regulated in accordance with the type and size of their transactions. In general, microfinance regulation, whether for banks or other deposit-taking institutions, should weigh the pros and cons of microfinance regulatory costs and microfinance for financial inclusion. In order to help countries to formulate a unified microfinance regulatory code, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision’s microfinance working group has developed a core principle guide to guide depository institutions to carry out microfinance within the scope of the permit.