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20世纪70年代,西方国家因市场失控、政策失效导致的社会矛盾愈演愈烈,社会企业作为缓解和补救手段应运而生,并在1990年后的福利危机中快速发展。目前,在全球使用最广泛的社会企业定义是英国贸易与工业部在2004年提出的—“社会企业是具有某些社会目标的企业,盈利主要按照它们的社会目标再投放于其业务本身或所在社区,而非为企业股东和所有人赚取最大利润。”该定义强调了组织的非营利性和盈余再投资的重要性,指明社会企业的显著特点是
In the 1970s, the social conflicts in western countries that were out of control due to the market failure and the failure of policies intensified. Social enterprises emerged as mitigating and remedying measures and developed rapidly in the welfare crisis after 1990. Currently, the most widely used definition of social enterprise in the world is that proposed by the UK Department of Trade and Industry in 2004 - “Social enterprises are enterprises that have certain social objectives and whose profits are mainly reinvested in their own businesses according to their social goals or Your community, not your business shareholders and owners. ”" This definition underscores the importance of nonprofit and reinvested earnings, noting the notable features of social enterprise