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本文从能量平衡原理出发分析了挟沙水流的能量耗散机理及水流塑槽和输沙能量的分配模式,河道水流能量的消耗主要用于塑槽和输沙两个方面,即一部分水流能量用来克服河床边界阻力,维持一定的河道主槽;另一部分则用于输送水流中挟带的泥沙,维持河道的输沙平衡。根据水流能量的这一分配模式,并结合水沙条件对平滩流量的累积影响作用,建立了塑槽输沙需水量的计算方法。将该方法用于黄河下游各主要测站的塑槽输沙需水量计算,取得了较好的效果。以三黑小的来水来沙为输入条件,得到了黄河下游河道塑槽输沙需水量的计算公式,并给出了维持黄河下游平滩流量为4000m3/s的塑槽输沙需水量区间。
Based on the principle of energy balance, this paper analyzes the energy dissipation mechanism of sediment-laden flow and the distribution pattern of plastic flow channel and sand transport energy. The energy consumption of river flow is mainly used in plastic tank and sediment transport, that is, To overcome the riverbed boundary resistance and maintain a certain channel main channel; the other part is used to transport sediment carried in the water flow to maintain the balance of sediment transport. According to the distribution pattern of water flow energy and the cumulative effect of water and sediment conditions on the flat beach flow, a calculation method of water demand for plastic sand tank is established. The method is applied to calculate the water demand of plastic trough for sediment transport in the major stations of the lower Yellow River and has achieved good results. Taking the three small black water and sand as the input conditions, the formula of sediment discharge for the plastic channel in the lower Yellow River was obtained, and the water demand of plastic channel for maintaining the flat beach flow of 4000m3 / s in the lower Yellow River .