采用溶胶 凝胶法 ,以正硅酸乙酯 (TEOS)为前驱体 ,用脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚 (AEO)为改性剂制备结构可控的多孔SiO2 干凝胶.结果表明 :通过调节添加量和聚合度以及溶胶老化时间可以对SiO2 干凝胶织构性质进行有效的调控 ;采用不同的环境气氛对SiO2 AEO干凝胶进行热处理 ,则AEO表现出不同的热稳定性 ;经热处理后 ,AEO等有机残留物被脱除的同时 ,SiO2 AEO干凝胶柔性骨架得到加强 ,孔分布更趋集中 ,干凝胶结构的热稳定性得到进一步提高. The structure-controlled porous silica xerogel was prepared by sol-gel method using TEOS as precursor and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO) as modifier. The results showed that by adding The amount and degree of polymerization and sol-aging time can effectively control the texture properties of SiO2 xerogels. The AEO shows different thermal stability when different ambient atmospheres are used to heat-treat SiO2 AEO xerogels. After heat treatment, AEO and other organic residues are removed at the same time, the SiO2 AEO xerogel flexible skeleton is strengthened, the pore distribution is more concentrated, the thermal stability of the xerogel structure is further enhanced.