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背景:由于医学模式的转变,关于心理学特征的研究越来越多;有关锰接触者心理状况及影响因素的研究也显得愈发重要。目的:了解锰接触者心理健康及影响因素。设计:整群抽样和随机抽样调查研究。地点、对象和方法:利用整群抽样和随机抽样方法,抽取包头市104名电焊工人(锰接触组)和57名非电焊工人(对照组)进行了对照研究。采用心理临床症状自评量表(SCL-90量表)作问卷调查,并进行统计分析。主要观察指标:①两组SCL-90评分结果比较。②心理症状阳性检出率比较。结果:锰接触组有心理问题者犤63.5%(66/104)犦,多于对照组犤22.8%(13/57)犦。锰接触组工人的10项心理因子分和总均分在2分(轻度症状)以下,以均数加减1.96标准差计算,只有躯体化症状达到中度以上。与对照组相比,其躯体化症状、强迫、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、精神病性、睡眠及饮食等因子分和总均分较高(F≥5.21,P<0.05),严重程度较深,而且随工作年限增加,负性心理的程度增加(β=0.21,t=2.538,P<0.05)。结论:锰接触者存在躯体化症状、强迫、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、精神病性等心理临床症状,工龄是主要的影响因素。
Background: Due to the change of medical model, more and more researches on the psychology characteristics are made. It is more and more important to study the psychological status and influencing factors of manganese contacts. Objective: To understand the mental health and influencing factors of manganese contacts. Design: Cluster sampling and random sample surveys. Location, Subjects and Methods: A total of 104 welders (manganese contact group) and 57 non-welded workers (control group) were enrolled in this study by cluster sampling and random sampling method. Psychological symptoms using self-rating scale (SCL-90 scale) as a questionnaire survey, and statistical analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Comparison of SCL-90 scores between the two groups. ② psychological symptoms positive detection rate comparison. Results: There were 63.5% (66/104) 犦 of psychological problems in the manganese exposure group, more than 22.8% (13/57) 对 of the control group. Manganese exposure group workers 10 points and the total psychological score of 2 points (mild symptoms) below the average plus or minus 1.96 standard deviation calculation, only the somatic symptoms to achieve moderate above. Compared with the control group, factors such as somatization, obsessive-compulsive disorder, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, psychosis, sleep and diet had higher scores and overall scores (F≥5.21, P <0.05) Deeper, and with the increase of working life, the degree of negative psychology increased (β = 0.21, t = 2.538, P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Psychological symptoms such as somatization symptoms, compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility and psychosis are the main influencing factors of Mn contacts.