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为揭示河南省小麦白粉菌群体遗传结构、起源及进化关系,采用简单重复序列区间(inter-simple sequence repeats,ISSR)和扩增片段长度多态性(amplified fragment length polymorphism,AFLP)分子标记技术对河南省西部山区4个小麦产区的35个小麦白粉菌单孢分离菌株进行了群体遗传多样性分析。结果显示:ISSR和AFLP分析均将35个菌株分为3个组,组Ⅰ包括来自卢氏和灵宝的大部分菌株;组Ⅱ包括来自栾川、卢氏和巩义的菌株;组Ⅲ由4个地区的个别菌株组成,同时包含1个闭囊壳释放子囊孢子获得的菌株。ISSR分析出菌株遗传距离分布在0.0139～0.6592之间,扩增多态性比率为64.83%,各菌株间的Shannon指数为0.2749;而AFLP分析所得的各菌株遗传距离变化幅度在0.1257～0.9322之间,扩增多态性比率为82.68%,各菌株间的Shannon指数为0.5100。可见,河南省小麦白粉菌具有丰富的遗传多样性,研究所用的2种方法均可用于遗传多样性分析,其中AFLP分析小麦白粉菌群体表现出更为丰富的遗传多样性。
In order to reveal the genetic structure, origin and evolutionary relationship of powdery mildew of wheat isolates in Henan Province, inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) A total of 35 wheat powdery mildew isolates from 4 wheat producing areas in western mountainous area of Henan Province were used for population genetic diversity analysis. The results showed that 35 isolates were divided into 3 groups by ISSR and AFLP analysis, group I included most of the strains from Lushi and Lingbao, group II including strains from Luanchuan, Romer and Gongyi, and group III by 4 Individual strains in each area, and at the same time, one strain obtained by releasing the ascospores from the closed shell. ISSR analysis showed that the genetic distance of the isolates ranged from 0.0139 to 0.6592, the amplified polymorphism rate was 64.83%, Shannon index among all isolates was 0.2749; while the AFLP analysis showed that the genetic distance ranged from 0.1257 to 0.9322 , The rate of amplified polymorphism was 82.68%, Shannon index of each strain was 0.5100. It can be seen that the powdery mildew of wheat in Henan Province is rich in genetic diversity. The two methods used in this study can be used for genetic diversity analysis. AFLP analysis shows that the powdery mildew of AFLP shows a richer genetic diversity.