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[背景]产前暴露于双酚A(BPA)及邻苯二甲酸酯会影响胎儿发育;然而该类研究很少,且得出的结果不一致。[目的]对一个西班牙出生队列中488对母婴进行研究,评估产前暴露于BPA及邻苯二甲酸酯是否与胎儿发育相关。[方法]检测第一和第三孕期两次尿液样本中BPA及8种邻苯二甲酸酯[4种邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯代谢物(DEHPm),邻苯二甲酸单卞酯(MBz P)以及3种低分子量邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物(LMWPm)]。另外,估计股骨长度(FL)、头围(HC)、腹围(AC)、双顶径(BPD)的生长曲线,估计孕期(12~20周,20~34周)的胎儿体重,并测量出生体重、出生长度、出生头围以及胎盘重量。[结果]总体上,结果并不支持孕期暴露于BPA或DEHPm与胎儿发育参数相关。产前MBz P暴露与20~34孕周的FL呈正相关,MBz P浓度每增加一倍,平均FL增加3.7%(95%CI:0.75,6.63%)。MBz P与男婴出生体重呈正相关(48 g;95%CI:6,90),但在女婴中没有相关性(-27 g;95%CI:-79,25)(交互作用P=0.04)。LMWPm邻苯二甲酸单丁酯(Mn BP)与12~20孕周的HC呈负相关[平均HC降低了4.88%(95%CI:-8.36,-1.36%)]。[结论]本研究首次将暴露生物标志重复测量值与胎儿期多种发育参数相结合,发现暴露于BPA或邻苯二甲酸酯与胎儿发育不相关。邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物MBz P与Mn BP与部分胎儿发育参数相关,但这些结果还需要重复验证。
[Background] Prenatal exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates can affect fetal development; however, few studies of this type lead to inconsistent results. [Objective] To study the effects of prenatal exposure to BPA and phthalates on fetal development in 488 mothers in a Spanish birth cohort. [Method] The urine samples of BPA and 8 kinds of phthalates [4 kinds of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate metabolites (DEHPm), two kinds of phthalates Monobenzyl dicarbonate (MBz P) and three low molecular weight phthalate metabolites (LMWPm)]. In addition, the growth curves of the femur length (FL), head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC) and biparietal diameter (BPD) were estimated to estimate the fetal weight during pregnancy (12 to 20 weeks, 20 to 34 weeks) Birth weight, length of birth, birth size, and weight of the placenta. [Results] Overall, the results do not support the association between gestational exposure to BPA or DEHPm and fetal developmental parameters. Prenatal MBz P exposure was positively correlated with FL at 20-34 gestational weeks, with an average increase of 3.7% (95% CI: 0.75, 6.63%) for each doubling of MBz P concentration. MBz P was positively correlated with birth weight of infants (48 g; 95% CI: 6,90) but not in infants (-27 g; 95% CI: -79,25) (interaction P = 0.04 ). LMWPm monobutyl phthalate (Mn BP) was negatively correlated with HC at 12-20 gestational weeks [mean HC decreased by 4.88% (95% CI: -8.36, -1.36%)]. [Conclusion] This study, for the first time, combined repeated measurements of exposure biomarkers with multiple developmental parameters in the fetus, and found that exposure to BPA or phthalates was not associated with fetal development. Phthalate metabolites MBz P and Mn BP are associated with partial fetal developmental parameters, but these results also require repeated validation.