贸易与环境这对有史以来的矛盾,随着世界贸易自由化的迅速推进,在全球范围内呈现出日益激化的趋势。为解决全球性生态危机,各个国家对环境的管制越来越严,甚至单方面启动经济贸易政策作为实现环境目标的手段,结果往往是将单边环境措施异化为贸易保护的工具。WTO作为全球最大的多边贸易组织,是目前解决贸易与环境矛盾的主要场所。对于单边环境措施,WTO表现出有保留的许可。它原则上承认成员为满足环境政策的需要单方面采用或维持单边措施,但是坚持多边磋商与合作是解决贸易与环境冲突的首选途径,成员必须在WTO制度框架下,以不违背WTO目标和基本规则的方式实施单边环境措施,维护环境与贸易的协调发展。 Trade and the environment The contradiction between the history of the world, with the rapid promotion of world trade liberalization, showing an increasingly austere global trend. In order to solve the global ecological crisis, the control of the environment in various countries is becoming more and more strict, and even the economic and trade policies are unilaterally implemented as a means to achieve environmental goals. As a result, the unilateral environmental measures are often turned into tools for trade protection. As the largest multilateral trade organization in the world, WTO is the main place for resolving the contradiction between trade and environment. For unilateral environmental measures, the WTO shows its reservation of permission. In principle, it acknowledges that members unilaterally adopt or maintain unilateral measures to meet the needs of environmental policies. However, insisting that multilateral consultation and cooperation are the preferred ways to resolve trade and environmental conflicts requires that members, within the framework of the WTO, not violate the WTO goals and The basic rules of the way the implementation of unilateral environmental measures to maintain the coordinated development of environment and trade.