自浮选最早于 10 0年前开始在澳大利亚工业应用以来 ,浮选得到了迅猛发展 ,现在每年将近有 2 0亿t的矿石采用浮选工艺处理。在此期间 ,浮选工艺促进了从基础化学和流体动力学研究到工业应用的广阔领域得到发展。基础研究一般主要与理想情况有关。但是 ,近年来 ,浮选研究主要致力于 ,通过研制新型更先进的测试设备 ,对浮选实际的子过程提供进一步了解。大约在 15年以前 ,由于浮选柱的大规模应用 ,浮选基础理论研究、浮选过程建模和新型浮选机的设计在世界范围内受到关注。泡沫的关键作用已被认定为是一个独立的而且有时是速率控制的过程步骤。因此 ,浮选过程是一个适于过程建模、诊断、设计和按比例放大的过程。一直到 2 0世纪 70年代中期 ,浮选设备还是自吸气机械搅拌式浮选机占主导地位。从上个世纪 80年代开始 ,充气式浮选机和压气机械搅拌式浮选机的使用已呈现出强有力的发展势头。另外 ,过去 10年中浮选设备的容积出现了惊人的变化 ,单台机械搅拌式浮选槽的容积达到了 2 0 0m3,浮选柱的容积超过了 3 0 0m3。人们普遍认为 ,尽管在浮选理论方面出现了重大的进展 ,然而工业浮选机设计和按比例放大的机理和原则仍然还不完全清楚。目前使用的过程测试设备和控制方面的进步为更有效地提高选矿指标和节约运 Flotation has been booming since the first flotation began in Australia in 10 years ago, and nearly 20 billion tonnes of ore are now being flotated each year. During this period, the flotation process has promoted the development of a wide range of fields from basic chemistry and fluid dynamics to industrial applications. The basic research is generally related to the ideal situation. However, in recent years, flotation research has focused on providing further understanding of the actual sub-processes of flotation by developing new and more advanced test equipment. About 15 years ago, due to the large-scale application of flotation column, flotation basic theoretical research, modeling of flotation process and design of new flotation machine are attracting worldwide attention. The key role of foam has been identified as an independent and sometimes rate-controlled process step. Therefore, the flotation process is a process suitable for process modeling, diagnosis, design and scaling up. Until the mid-1970s, flotation equipment was still dominated by self-priming mechanical agitation flotation machines. From the 80s of last century, the use of inflatable flotation machines and pneumatic mechanical stirring flotation machines has shown a strong momentum of development. In addition, the volume of flotation equipment has changed dramatically in the past decade. The volume of a single mechanical agitated flotation cell reached 200 m 3 and the volume of the flotation column exceeded 300 m 3. It is generally accepted that although significant progress has been made in flotation theory, the mechanisms and principles of industrial flotation machine design and scaling up are still not fully understood. The progress of the currently used process test equipment and controls to more effectively improve beneficiation indicators and save