《基础教育课程改革纲要》指出:教学过程是师生交往、共同发展的互动过程。在教学过程中,要处理好传授知识与培养能力的关系,注意培养学生的独立性和自主性,引导学生质疑、调查、探究,在实践中学习,使学生学习成为在教师指导下主动的、富有个性的过程。张天宝先生在《论主体性教育》中明确:所谓主体性教育,是指根据社会发展需要和教育现代化的要求,教育者通过启发、引导受教育者内在的教育需求,创设和谐、宽松、民主的教育环境,有目的、有计划地规范组织各种教育活动,从而把受教育 The Outline of Curriculum Reform in Elementary Education states that the teaching process is an interactive process of interaction between teachers and students and common development. In the process of teaching, it is necessary to handle the relationship between imparting knowledge and cultivating ability, pay attention to cultivating the independence and autonomy of students, guide students to question, investigate, explore and study in practice so that students can become active under the guidance of teachers, Personalized process. In “On Subjective Education”, Mr. Zhang Tianbao made it clear that the so-called subjective education means that according to the needs of social development and modernization of education, educators inspire and guide the educated’s inherent educational needs and create a harmonious, relaxed and democratic Of the educational environment, purposeful, planned and standardized organization of various educational activities, so that education