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巨噬细胞是机体免疫系统中的重要细胞群,是人体固有免疫的第一道防线。肿瘤间质中的巨噬细胞即肿瘤相关巨噬细胞(tumor-associated macrophages,TAM)是肿瘤细胞所处的微环境中的重要细胞组成部分,一直以来都是国内外研究热点,其并非发挥抗肿瘤作用而是参与了肿瘤发生和发展的作用已得到了广大研究者的共识。TAM的产生、募集、表型的变化、功能的逆转以及信号通路的改变都与肿瘤的发生、发展以及预后息息相关。因此研究TAM在肿瘤发生和发展进程中的动态变化、表型、信号通路和功能状态等方面都具有十分重要的意义。本文主要综述了近几年来有关TAM研究的进展情况,重点介绍TAM的表型、信号通路和功能方面,以备为后期肿瘤的发病机制和治疗策略的研究提供有益的启示或思路。
Macrophages are important cell populations in the body’s immune system and are the first line of defense for the body’s innate immunity. Tumor macrophages (TAMs) in tumor stroma are important cellular components in the microenvironment in which tumor cells are located, which has been a hot research field both at home and abroad. But the role of cancer but involved in the role of tumorigenesis and development has been the consensus of the majority of researchers. TAM production, recruitment, phenotypic changes, reversals of function and changes in signal pathways are closely related to the occurrence, development and prognosis of tumors. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the dynamic changes of TAM in the process of tumorigenesis and development, phenotypes, signaling pathways and functional status. This review summarizes the progress of TAM research in recent years, and focuses on the phenotypes, signaling pathways and functions of TAM in preparation for the study of the pathogenesis and treatment strategy of later tumors.