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目的 :探讨枢椎横突孔结构在转头引起寰枢段椎动脉狭窄或闭塞的临床解剖学意义。方法 :观测 10 0例枢椎横突孔上口的开口方向、孔径、上口与下口之间的成角、以及横突孔水平距离。结果 :两侧枢椎横突孔孔径相差不大 ,最大径为 6.1± 0 .7mm,最小径 5.4± 0 .6mm。两侧横突孔上口开口方向明显不对称 ,上口与下口之间的角度为 12 7± 2 2°,左侧较右侧明显 ,甚至形成直角或锐角 ,且左侧横突孔水平距离较长 ,说明椎动脉在孔内弯曲或扭曲。结论 :枢椎横突孔的结构对其中椎动脉起着一种牵系作用 ,在寰枢椎不稳时易导致椎动脉的损害
Objective: To investigate the anatomical significance of transverse cranial structure of the transverse axis of the vertebral artery in the diagnosis of atlantoaxial vertebral artery stenosis or occlusion. Methods: The direction of opening, aperture, the angulation between upper and lower mouth and the horizontal distance of transverse foramen were observed in the upper transverse orifice of 100 cases. Results: There was no significant difference in the diameter of transverse process between the two sides of the transverse process. The maximum diameter was 6.1 ± 0 .7 mm and the minimum diameter was 5.4 ± 0.6 mm. The transverse openings on both sides of the transverse opening were obviously asymmetric, the angle between the superior and inferior openings was 12 7 ± 2 2 °, the left was more obvious than the right and even formed a right angle or an acute angle, and the level of transverse transverse foramen The distance is longer, indicating that the vertebral artery is bent or distorted in the hole. Conclusion: The structure of the transverse process of the transverse foramen plays a role in the traction of the vertebral artery. It may lead to damage of the vertebral artery when the atlantoaxial instability