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造血干细胞移植,按其来源部位可分为骨髓移植、外周血干细胞移植和脐血干细胞移植,按细胞来源体可分为自体移植,同基因移植和异基因移植。近年来,全球每年的骨髓移植病例已超过1万例。中国造血干细胞移植已进入有序健康深入发展的状态,21世纪中国将成为造血干细胞移植的需求大国。但是,骨髓和造血干细胞供者来源不足是供求需要中最大的障碍。在国内非血缘关系的HLA分型相合率仅为1/400～1/10000,甚至更小。所以尽快解决国内造血干细胞的来源渠道是目前造血干细胞移植中最迫切的问题。
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, according to their site of origin can be divided into bone marrow transplantation, peripheral blood stem cell transplantation and cord blood stem cell transplantation, according to cell sources can be divided into autologous transplantation, homologous transplantation and allogeneic transplantation. In recent years, there have been more than 10,000 cases of bone marrow transplants worldwide each year. Chinese hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has entered a state of orderly health and in-depth development. In the 21st century, China will become a large country of demand for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. However, inadequate availability of bone marrow and hematopoietic stem cell donors is the biggest obstacle to supply and demand. HLA typing in non-blood relationship in the country only 1/400 ~ 1/10000, or even smaller. Therefore, as soon as possible to solve the source of hematopoietic stem cells is the most urgent problem in the current hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.