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为应对日益严重的船舶压载水排放导致的生物入侵问题,国际海事组织计划对排放的压载水中活体生物的数量进行严格的限定。但利用现有检测方法,难以实现对极少量活体生物的快速检测。故此,文章研究利用真空抽滤同时实现船舶压载水中活体生物的浓缩和固定,以完成对活体生物个数的快速准确计数。实验结果表明:与广泛使用的Uterm觟hl浓缩计数方法相比,使用本文所述计数方法,能得到与之相当的计数结果,且过程简单,沉降时间由原有的≥24 h大幅缩短至15 min。为避免抽滤造成的微生物体变形,破碎等对计数结果的影响,抽滤真空度值须低于1 500 Pa。此外,利用自动显微成像以及软件自动计数,可大幅缩短计数时间,显著降低检测人员工作强度。
In response to the growing problem of biological invasion of ballast water from vessels, the International Maritime Organization plans to strictly limit the quantity of living organisms in ballast water that is discharged. However, the use of existing detection methods, it is difficult to achieve rapid detection of very few living organisms. Therefore, the article studies the use of vacuum filtration at the same time to achieve the concentration and immobilization of living organisms in the ballast water of ships to complete the rapid and accurate counting of the living organisms. The experimental results show that compared with the widely used Uterm 觟 hl concentration counting method, the counting method described in this article can obtain the equivalent counting results. The process is simple and the settling time is shortened from ≧ 24 h to 15 min. In order to avoid the influence of micro-organisms deformation and crushing caused by suction filtration on the counting results, the suction vacuum value must be less than 1 500 Pa. In addition, the use of automatic microscopic imaging and automatic software count can significantly reduce counting time, significantly reducing the working intensity of the inspectors.