声乐艺术作为人类音乐文化的一个重要组成部分,越来越受到人们的重视和喜爱。在声乐教育和学习中,目前比较统一的认识是,声乐演唱方法可分为美声、民族、通俗。现又增加了原生态唱法。每种唱法都具有其独有的风格和魅力,并使得声乐演唱丰富多彩。文章就我国习惯性划分的四种唱法中的美声、民族两种唱法从产生渊源、发声特点进行阐述,并着重就其异同进行比较。这两种演唱方法在其发声、呼吸、共鸣、吐字以及歌曲的演唱风格、艺术处理方面还有很大不同。美声唱法是从西欧专业古典声乐的传统唱法发展而来,而民族唱法是由我国各民族的习惯和爱好创造和发展起来的,二者在发展中相互影响。 As an important part of human music culture, vocal music art has drawn more and more attention and love from people. In vocal education and learning, the current more unified understanding is that vocal singing methods can be divided into the United States, ethnic, popular. Now added the original singing. Each singing style has its own unique style and charm, and makes the vocal music rich and colorful. This article elaborates the origin and vocal characteristics of the beautiful vocals and vocal groups in the four singing styles of habitual division in China, and compares their similarities and differences. The two methods of singing are quite different in terms of their vocalization, breathing, resonance, pronunciations and the singing style of the songs. Bel Canto is developed from the traditional singing method of professional classical vocal music in Western Europe, while national singing is created and developed by the habits and interests of all ethnic groups in our country. Both of them play an important role in the development.