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汉魏六朝,音乐以悲为美,尤其体现于挽歌和琴曲之中。挽歌在汉魏六朝乃一种葬礼制度,士人多有挽歌之作,更有众多士人在日常生活中喜听、喜唱挽歌。这种行为,一则表明了玄学思潮对个体生活的解放,他们冲决礼法束缚,任性而动,放纵不拘,追求身体的快感和生命的适意;一则道出了个体在面对纷乱世事面前的无奈与痛苦,彰显了悲苦的生命意识。蔡邕的《琴操》和六朝琴诗中,体现出了浓重的悲剧意识。究其根源,以悲为美的审美意识在中国文化中带有普遍性,具有深厚的文化渊源。
Han Wei and Six Dynasties, the music is sad as the United States, especially in elegy and piano. Elegy is a kind of funeral ceremony in the Han, Wei and the Six Dynasties. Scholars mostly have their elegies for their songs. Many more scholars listen to each other in their daily life and like to sing their elegy. This behavior, one shows the metaphysics of the emancipation of the individual life, they rushed the restraint of the law, arbitrary, indulgent, the pursuit of the body’s pleasure and the life of the fit; one tells the individual in the face of chaos in the face of chaos Helpless and painful, highlighting the sense of sad life. Cai Yong’s “Piano Opera” and Six Dynasties Qin Poetry, reflects a strong sense of tragedy. The root causes of the sad aesthetic aesthetic awareness in the Chinese culture is universal, with a profound cultural origin.