微核测试法已被广泛用于研究药物、辐射、环境毒物等对机体的遗传损伤。以往多以外周血淋巴细胞和骨髓为材料进行研究,由于操作较复杂,且取材过程中给受试对象带来痛苦,因此进行人群普查常常有很多困难。同时,许多致癌物的诱变性资料多是从细菌、淋巴细胞和一些非上皮细胞系中获得,而致癌物对上皮细胞的诱变性资料相对较少。近几年来,stich等对接触致癌物的个体进行了一系列脱落细胞(包括口腔、膀胱等)微核检测,发现这些个体的微核出现率明显高于对照组,已有资料报道食管癌患者外周血淋巴细胞微核出现率明显高于正常人,但上皮细胞的微核出现率是否 Micronucleus test method has been widely used to study the genetic damage of drugs, radiation and environmental toxicants. In the past, most peripheral blood lymphocytes and bone marrow were used as materials for research. Due to the complicated operation and the pain caused to the test subjects in the course of taking materials, there are often many difficulties in conducting population census. In the meantime, many carcinogenic mutagenic materials are mostly obtained from bacteria, lymphocytes and some non-epithelial cell lines, while carcinogens have relatively little mutagenicity on epithelial cells. In recent years, stich and other carcinogenic contact individuals conducted a series of exfoliated cells (including oral cavity, bladder, etc.) micronucleus test and found that these individuals were significantly higher than the incidence of micronuclei in control subjects, there are data reported esophageal cancer patients The incidence of micronuclei in peripheral blood lymphocytes was significantly higher than that in normal people, but the incidence of micronuclei in epithelial cells was