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目的:分析四平市孕产妇的死因、死因构成、影响因素及其变化趋势,探讨降低孕产妇死亡率的干预措施。方法:采用回顾性研究的方法,对四平市2005～2007年死亡孕产妇的个案卡进行统计,分析孕产妇死亡率、死因构成、分娩地点构成、死亡地点构成、影响死亡的主要因素及其变化趋势。结果:3年来四平市孕产妇死亡率逐步上升,波动在10.01/10万～42.34/10万之间,低于全省平均水平,死亡构成农村高于城市;妊娠期高血压疾病为首位死因,低收入、低文化水平、多胎是加大孕产妇死亡的危险因素;影响孕产妇死亡的主要因素为个人、家庭、居民团体问题和各级医疗保健人员及机构问题。结论:应加强农村孕产妇系统管理和计划外妊娠的管理,加强围产保健管理,提高高危筛查的管理水平;加强健康教育工作,提高个人及家庭的保健意识;提高基层妇产科、妇幼保健人员的业务素质,加强机构建设,提高产科质量;加强孕产妇急救工作的管理,保证孕产妇绿色通道的畅通和有效使用。
Objective: To analyze the causes of maternal death, causes of death, influencing factors and their changing trends in Siping City, and to explore interventions to reduce the maternal mortality rate. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the cases of maternal deaths from 2005 to 2007 in Siping City. The maternal mortality rate, the cause of death, the place of birth and the place of death were analyzed. The main factors influencing death and their changes trend. Results: The maternal mortality rate in Siping City gradually increased from 10.01 / 100000 to 42.34 / 100000 in the past three years, lower than the average level in the province and the death constitutes a higher level than that in the urban areas. Hypertensive disorder in pregnancy was the leading cause of death, Low income, low literacy and multiple births are risk factors for increasing maternal mortality. The main factors affecting maternal mortality are personal, family and resident groups and health care workers and institutions at all levels. Conclusions: The management of rural maternal system management and unplanned pregnancy should be strengthened, the management of perinatal health care should be strengthened and the management level of high-risk screening should be strengthened; the health education should be strengthened to raise the awareness of individuals and families; the obstetrics and gynecology, Improve the quality of obstetrics and gynecology, strengthen the management of maternity first aid and ensure the smooth and effective use of maternal green channels.