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目的 了解多发性骨髓瘤 (MultipleMyeloma ,MM)的免疫球蛋白 ,轻链κ .λ及其κ.λ比值之间的关系.方法 采用速率散射比浊法对 2 8例MM患者 ,30例正常人血清的Ig及轻链κ.λ进行检测 ,并计算轻链κ/λ比值.结果 2 8例MM患者中κ轻链升高 18例 ,λ轻链升高 10例 ,IgG多为升高 ,而IgA、IgM多为降低 ,其中IgG明显升高 14例 ,占 5 0%,IgA升高 4例 ,IgM升高仅 2例 ,8例IgG、IgA、IgM均低于正常 ,占 2 8.5 7%,结果还显示 ,其中一轻链增高或正常 ,另一轻链则下降 ,κ异常升高 ,κ/λ值为 36 .2 5± 2 7.6 ,λ异常升高 ,κ/λ值则严重倒置 ,为 0 .16± 0 .14.结论 MM患者血清κ或λ轻链异常及其比值明显改变时 ,提示多发性骨髓瘤的诊断.“,”Objective To study the relation of serum immunoglobin ,κ and λ light chains and the κ:λ ratio to Multiple Myeloma(MM).Methods with rate nephelometry in 28 patients with MM,and 30 normal controls,and calculate the κ:λ ratio.Results Of the 28 patients ,18 had elevated level of κ light chain,10 had elevated level of the λ light chain.Most patients had elevated level of IgG and reduced level of IgA,IgM.14(50%) patients had obviously elevated level of IgG and 4 of IgA and only 2 had elevated level of IgM. 8(28.5%) patients had lower level of IgG、IgA、IgM than normal level.The results indicated that when one light chain was elevated or normal,the other light chain was reduced κelevated abnormally,the κ:λ ratio was 36.25±27.6,when λ was abnormally elevated, the κ:λ ratio was seriously inverted,being 0.16±0.14. Conclusion The diagnosis of Multiple My eloma was suggested when the patients had the unusual level for κ.λ light chain and the κ:λ ratio had chanted obviously.