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我省流行性出血热首发病例应追溯到1963年3月,当时莆田县医院收治1例临床表现为发热、出血和肾损害的病人,其病程明显分为发热期、低血压期、少尿期、多尿期、恢复期五个阶段。临床经过与我国其他地区所报告的流行性出血热相一致。该例系仙游县游洋乡鲁头村人,据查当年当地共有3例此类病人。1972年屏南县又有类似2例,皆系回顾性诊断,1973年宁德地区第一医院首次证实来自周宁的2例,此后我省每年均有病人发生。近年疫区有所扩大,病例增多。据全省33个县、市的初步调查,证实闽南、闽西等25个县、市均存在出血热疫源地,并查出黑线姬鼠、社鼠、褐家鼠、小家鼠、黄胸鼠、臭鼩及大白鼠为其宿主动物,还在家兔血清中检出该病特异性抗体。可见我省出血热疫区分布广,宿主动物种类多,应引起重视。该病临床表现多样,尤其在闽南、闽西等家鼠型地区更应注意发现不典型的轻、中型病例。这些病例易误诊,特别是新发地区更应重视做出血点、血小板和尿蛋白等检查,并采早、晚期双份血清作流行性出血热间接荧光抗体检查,以便及时确诊。近年收到不少出血热新发地区的病例及疫源地报告,现摘登如下。
The first case of epidemic hemorrhagic fever in our province should be traced back to March 1963, when the hospital in Putian County, 1 case of clinical manifestations of fever, hemorrhage and renal damage patients, the course was significantly divided into fever, hypotension, oliguria , Polyuria, recovery of five stages. The clinical course is consistent with the reported epidemic hemorrhagic fever in other parts of my country. In this case, Xianyou County, Yu You Village, Lu Toucun, according to the investigation that year there were 3 cases of such patients. Pingnan County in 1972 and there are two similar cases, all Department of retrospective diagnosis, the first hospital in Ningde in 1973 confirmed the first case from Zhouning 2 cases, since the province every year, patients have occurred. In recent years, the epidemic has been expanded, an increase of cases. According to the preliminary investigation of 33 counties and cities in the whole province, it was confirmed that hemorrhagic fever foci were found in 25 counties and cities in southern Fujian and western Fujian, and Apodemus agrarius, Social mice, Rattus norvegicus, Mus musculus, Rattus flavipectus, stinkbugs and rats are their host animals, and the disease-specific antibodies are also detected in rabbit serum. It can be seen that the epidemic area of hemorrhagic fever in our province is widely distributed, and there are many kinds of host animals, which should be paid attention to. The clinical manifestations of the disease varied, especially in southern Fujian, western Fujian and other home-mouse regions should pay attention to found atypical cases of light and medium-sized. These cases are easily misdiagnosed, especially in newly-developed areas should pay more attention to make blood spots, platelets and urine protein and other tests, and early and late sera were collected for indirect epidemic hemorrhagic fever fluorescent antibody examination for timely diagnosis. In recent years, a large number of new cases of hemorrhagic fever and epidemic areas received a report, are summarized below.