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目的:通过对兔下颌角骨外板磨除术后咬肌不同处理方式与骨的适应性相关指标的测定,比较咬肌不同处理方式与下颌骨变化的差异,为下颌角肥大手术方式的选择提供依据。方法:雌性家兔50只,3个月龄,分为2组,每组25只。左侧为手术侧,第1组行下颌角骨外板磨除术后将咬肌与翼内肌缝合,第2组行下颌角骨外板磨除术后咬肌不做缝合固定。每组在术后第1、2、4、8、12周时分别处死5只动物,手术侧咬肌称重,切取手术侧部分骨组织连同其上部分咬肌作病理切片,行HE染色,光镜下观察细胞形态,在200倍镜下用HJ-YG病理诊断分析系统测量肌小节长度和肌细胞面积,用游标卡尺测量下颌骨的厚度。采用SPSS 13.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果:术后第4、8、12周,第2组咬肌重量减轻,与第1组相比有显著性差异(P<0.05)。术后4、8、12周,第2组下颌骨厚度未增加,第1组下颌骨厚度增加,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。术后1、2、4周,第2组肌小节长度较第1组短,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。术后8、12周,第2组肌细胞面积较第1组小,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:兔下颌角骨外板磨除术后肌小节长度、咬肌细胞面积、骨细胞等发生了适应性改建,尤其是游离咬肌后咬肌失去张力,其附着点上移,致使其发生明显萎缩。下颌骨愈合后厚度不增加。
OBJECTIVE: To compare the different indexes of the masseter muscle and the adaptability of the masseter after the ablation of the mandibular external coronal bone in rabbits, and to compare the differences in the masseter between the different treatment methods and the changes of the mandible, so as to select the surgical method of mandibular angle hypertrophy Provide evidence. Methods: 50 female rabbits, 3 months old, were divided into two groups of 25 rats. The left side is the operation side. In the first group, the masseter muscle and the wing medialis are sutured after the mandibular angle external gingival ablation, and the masseter muscle in the second group is not sutured after the mandibular angle external gingival ablation. Five animals were sacrificed on the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 8th and 12th week after operation respectively. Masseter muscle was weighed and the lateral part of the operation was cut out along with the masseter muscle of the upper part of the operation for HE staining. The morphology of the cells was observed under light microscope. The length of muscle and myocyte area were measured by HJ-YG pathological analysis system at 200 times microscope. The thickness of mandible was measured by vernier caliper. Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 13.0 software package. Results: At the 4th, 8th and 12th week after operation, the masseter muscle weight of the second group was significantly reduced compared with the first group (P <0.05). At 4, 8 and 12 weeks after operation, the mandibular thickness of the second group did not increase, and the mandibular thickness of the first group increased significantly (P <0.05). At 1, 2 and 4 weeks after operation, the length of muscle segment in group 2 was shorter than that in group 1 (P <0.05). After 8 and 12 weeks, the muscle cell area in group 2 was smaller than that in group 1 (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Muscle length, the area of masseter muscle and the bone cells have been modified adaptively after ablation of rabbit mandibular angle external crus, especially the loss of tension of the masseter muscle after free masseter muscle, Obvious contraction. The thickness of the mandible does not increase after healing.