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研究了铃兰牌和恒大牌香烟及纤维素烟雾对果蝇的影响。发现,1日龄雄蝇在上述三种烟雾中的耐受性比雌蝇强。在纤维素烟雾中,1日龄果蝇平均需要253.88分(♀)和235.96分(♂)才完全麻痹,分别是同龄果蝇在恒大牌香烟烟雾中完全鼠痹时间的43.7倍(♂)和48.0倍(♀)。在铃兰牌香烟不同烟雾浓度下,1日龄果蝇完全麻痹出现时间随烟雾浓度增大而缩短。20日龄果蝇对铃兰牌香烟的敏感性大于1日龄果蝇。在两种香烟和纤维素烟雾中,20日龄雌蝇有“提早产卵”现象。果蝇在香烟烟雾中先兴奋后麻痹的行为变化是典型的急性烟碱中毒症状,与人类急性烟碱中毒症状相似。认为可使果蝇作动物模型研究环境污染因子的毒害作用。果蝇属于昆虫网,双翅目。具有生存期短,繁殖力高,饲养简便等特点,而且具有类似人类的生长、发育、繁殖、衰老等阶段、因此,在环境科学中,常用它作动物模型。
The effects of lily of the valley and Hengda cigarettes and cellulosic smoke on fruit flies were studied. One-day-old male flies were found to be more tolerant than the female flies in the above-mentioned three fuels. In cellulosic smoke, on average, one-day-old fruit flies required complete paralysis of 253.88 points (♀) and 235.96 points (♂), which were 43.7 times (♂) and 48.0 times (♀). Under the different concentration of cigarette of LYCRA, the time of complete paralysis of 1-day-old fruit fly shortens with the increase of smoke concentration. The 20-day-old fruit flies were more susceptible to the Lilium brand cigarettes than the 1-day-old fruit flies. In both cigarette and cellulose smoke, 20-day-old female flies have the phenomenon of “early spawning”. The behavioral changes of fruit flies after the first excitement in cigarette smoke are typical symptoms of acute nicotine poisoning, similar to the symptoms of acute nicotine poisoning in humans. It is considered that the animal model of fruit fly can be used to study the poisoning effect of environmental pollution factors. Drosophila belonged to the insect web, Diptera. It has the characteristics of short survival period, high fertility, easy feeding and so on. It has similar human growth, development, reproduction and aging stages. Therefore, it is often used as an animal model in environmental science.