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散发性脑炎是一组多病因的脑部疾病,临床主要表现为急性或亚急性起病。以不同程度的精神症状或意识障碍为核心的脑实质弥漫性损害为主。其中以精神障碍为主要表现的散发脑炎,早期极易误诊为精神分裂症。我们近10余年来将散发性脑炎误诊为精神分裂症共13例,现分析如下:13例患者中误诊为未分型8例。紧张型4例、复发型1例。全部误诊患者均接受过抗精神病药物的治疗。发病特点:全以精神症状为首发症状,急性起病8例,亚急性起病5例。主要的精神症状为运动性兴奋和木僵,其次为妄想(被害妄想,内容片断,无固定目标,不持久)。早期有阵发性定向障碍9例,仅半数患者早期陈述有头疼。5例患者有轻度发烧(37.5～38.5℃),8例患者有神经系统症状及体征。但是,均出现在精神症状之后的5～18天。主要体征为肌张力增强、抽搐、浅反射消失、出
Sporadic encephalitis is a group of multiple causes of brain disease, the main clinical manifestations of acute or subacute onset. With varying degrees of mental symptoms or disturbance of consciousness as the core of diffuse damage to the main brain. One of the main manifestations of mental disorders encephalitis, early misdiagnosed as schizophrenia. We nearly 10 years sporadic encephalitis misdiagnosed as schizophrenia in 13 cases, the following analysis: 13 patients were misdiagnosed as undifferentiated in 8 cases. 4 cases of tension, recurrence in 1 case. All patients were misdiagnosed as antipsychotics. Incidence of the disease: all mental symptoms as the first symptom, acute onset in 8 cases, subacute onset in 5 cases. The main psychiatric symptoms were excitement and stupor, followed by delusions (delusions of paranoia, fragmentary content, no fixed goals, no endurance). Early paroxysmal disorientation in 9 cases, only half of the patients had a headache in the early statement. Five patients had mild fever (37.5-38.5 ° C) and eight had neurological symptoms and signs. However, all occurred in 5 to 18 days after the psychiatric symptoms. The main signs of muscle tension increased, convulsions, disappearance of shallow reflex, out