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为明确禾谷孢囊线虫Heterodera avenae对小麦的危害,于2011年10月—2012年6月在自然环境条件下采用定量接种方法测定了其在不同接种密度下对冬小麦产量和线虫繁殖的影响。结果表明,随着禾谷孢囊线虫接种密度的增加,小麦的株高、穗长、小穗数、分蘖数和籽粒重均呈下降趋势。小麦产量随着接种密度的增加损失率增加,在接种密度大于29个卵和2龄幼虫/g土时,小麦产量损失率均达50%以上,接种密度为465个卵和2龄幼虫/g土时损失率最大,达到77.7%;当接种密度小于116个卵和2龄幼虫/g土时,禾谷孢囊线虫的最终密度随着接种密度的增加而增加,但接种密度大于该值时,最终线虫密度则随着接种密度的增加而减少;且其繁殖系数随着接种密度的增加而降低。以小麦单株籽粒重为参数,利用Seinhorst模型拟合孢囊线虫密度与产量的关系,可知小麦对禾谷孢囊线虫的最低忍耐值为5个卵和2龄幼虫/g土,相对最低产量为0.23。
In order to clarify the harm of wheat Heterodera avenae to wheat, the quantitative inoculation method was used to determine the effects of Heterodera avenae on wheat yield and nematode reproduction under different inoculation densities from October 2011 to June 2012 under natural environmental conditions. The results showed that the plant height, spike length, spikelet number, tiller number and grain weight tended to decrease with the increase of the inoculation density of cereal cyst nematode. The yield of wheat increased with the inoculation density increasing. When the inoculation density was more than 29 eggs and the 2nd instar larvae / g soil, the yield loss rate of wheat was more than 50%, the inoculation density was 465 eggs and 2nd instar larvae per gram When the inoculation density was less than 116 eggs and 2nd instar larvae / g soil, the final density of cereal nematode increased with the inoculation density, but when the inoculation density was higher than this value , And the density of nematodes decreased with the increase of inoculation density. The coefficient of propagation decreased with the increase of inoculation density. Using the grain weight per plant as a parameter, the relationship between the density of Cyst nematode and its yield was fitted by the Seinhorst model. The results showed that the lowest tolerance of wheat to cereal cyst nematode was 5 eggs and 2nd instar larvae per gram of soil. The relative minimum yield Is 0.23.