麻疹曾经是一种严重危害儿童健康的传染病。麻疹疫苗前时代,流行有明显的季节性,集中在冬末春初,患者年龄大多在5岁以下,且临床症状典型。60年代初随着麻疹减毒活疫苗的问世,扩大免疫规化的开展,麻疹的发病率和死亡率已大幅度地下降。80年代以来,一些国家发现,从自然界分离到 Measles was once a contagious disease that harms children’s health. Measles vaccine pre-era, the epidemic has obvious seasonal, concentrated in late winter and early spring, most of the patients aged below 5 years old, and the typical clinical symptoms. In the early 1960s, with the advent of measles-attenuated live vaccines and the expansion of immunization programs, the incidence and mortality of measles have dropped dramatically. Since the 1980s, some countries have found that they have separated from nature