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詹姆斯·C.斯科特把其农民剥削理论立基于农民的价值标准之上,从蕴涵于农民生活的社会模式和禁令中的两条道德原则即互惠准则和生存权利出发来探讨剥削问题。詹姆斯·C.斯科特颠倒了社会价值与社会存在的关系,把马克思剩余价值论与西方其他理论相提并论并武断地斥为抽象,他将客观存在与主观感受混同,将价值多元导入真理一元,因而得出了似是而非的结论。产生这些错误,原因在于他在研究开始前已存在定论,他认为世界上存在着互惠与生存的公正这一对先验范畴。
James C. Scott put his theory of peasant exploitation above the value standards of peasants and explored the issue of exploitation from the two moral principles implicit in the social patterns and prohibitions of peasant life, that is, the principle of reciprocity and the right to subsistence. James C. Scott reversed the relationship between social values and social existence, put Marx’s surplus theory of value with other theories in the West and arbitrarily denounced it as an abstract. He confused objective and subjective feelings, This leads to plausible conclusions. These mistakes were made because of the conclusion that he had existed before the start of the study. He believed that there existed a transcendental category of justice in the world of reciprocity and existence.