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前列腺癌和结直肠癌在美国为常见癌症,其在癌症引起的死亡率方面处于领先地位。大部分小型观察研究和干预试验支持对硒在前列腺癌和结直肠癌的防治作用进行研究。试验结果显示,吸烟和性别可以改变硒的防治作用。硒可能是通过多种途径来防治癌症,尤其是硒的抗炎和抗氧化作用,通过调节含硒酶的活性发挥作用。含硒酶基因突变能够改变它的化学防治作用,这一点仍需要进一步研究。在一些大的观察性干预试验研究中采用硒的生物标志,比如硒与维生素E对癌症的防治试验,这些试验对于进一步评价硒的生物防治作用是很重要的。硒酶的多态性的功能仍需要进一步研究。
Prostate cancer and colorectal cancer are common cancers in the United States, and they lead the way in cancer-induced mortality. Most small-scale observation and intervention trials support the study of the role of selenium in the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer and colorectal cancer. Test results show that smoking and sex can change the role of selenium control. Selenium may prevent cancer through a variety of pathways, especially the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of selenium, which acts by regulating the activity of selenium-containing enzymes. Selenium enzyme gene mutation can change its chemical control effect, which still needs further study. In some large observational intervention trials using biomarkers of selenium, such as selenium and vitamin E on cancer prevention and control trials, these tests for the further evaluation of the biological control of selenium is very important. The function of selenase polymorphism still needs further study.