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当前,甲状腺功能低下症(甲低)的发现率有明显增高。过去曾认为甲低是甲状腺先天异常的后果。后天性甲低的病因有:包括扁桃体源性感染在内的局灶性细菌或病毒性感染;皮质下中枢或脑垂体病变致促甲状腺激素的生成中止或减量(继发性甲低);自家免疫性疾病(特发性甲低,占患者中大多数)。任何类型甲低均系甲状腺激素(甲状腺素及三碘甲状腺酪氨酸)短缺致成,患者基础代谢的降低和组织亲水性增高造成的水肿,将导致全身各器官和系统有功能紊乱出现,上呼吸道及耳部亦可罹患,据综合材料统计:60%患者有发音改变,42%有头晕,34%有巨舌症,24%头痛,20%听力减退,16%有甲状腺肿(Meng,1978)。 1927年Novak首次指出甲状腺功能状况与血管运动性鼻炎可能有连系,许多学者报导在血
At present, the detection rate of hypothyroidism (hypothyroidism) is significantly higher. In the past that hypothyroidism is a congenital anomaly of the thyroid. The causes of acquired hypothyroidism are: focal bacterial or viral infection including tonsil-derived infections; cessation or reduction of thyroid-stimulating hormone production (secondary hypothyroidism) in subcortical or pituitary lesions; Autoimmune diseases (idiopathic hypothyroidism, accounting for most of the patients). Any type of hypothyroidism thyroid hormone (thyroxine and triiodothyronine tyrosine) shortage caused by the reduction of patients with basal metabolism and tissue caused by increased hydropic hydrops, will lead to systemic organ dysfunction and systemic disorders, Upper respiratory tract and ear can also suffer from, according to the statistics of composite materials: 60% of patients have a change of tone, 42% have dizziness, 34% have giant tongue disease, 24% of headache, 20% of hearing loss, 16% of goiter ). Novak first pointed out in 1927 thyroid function and vasomotor rhinitis may be linked, many scholars reported in the blood