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目的了解遂宁市艾滋病流行现状和特征,为制定预防控制策略提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对遂宁市1995-2012年艾滋病疫情资料进行分析。结果 1995-2012年累计报告HIV/AIDS病例858例;报告发病率由2004年的0.519/10万上升到2012年的8.19/10万。2012年报告发病率最高的船山区达到了12.45/10万,其次是安居区(9.20/10万)和射洪县(6.90/10万);以汉族和常住人口为主,分别占病例总数的98.02%和87.41%;男性感染发病多于女性(χ2=181.66,P<0.05);检测发现的HIV/AIDS主要以其他就诊者检测、检测咨询、手术前检查、性病门诊为主,占病例总数的74.48%;感染途径主要以异性性接触传播,同性传播和注射吸毒传播为主,分别占病例总数的70.16%、16.90%和5.83%。职业分布从高到低分别是农民(27.39%),家政、家务及待业(20.67%),民工(10.84%),工人和其他(8.51%和7.93%)。结论遂宁市艾滋病疫情整体呈上升趋势,感染途径多样化并波及多种人群。性接触传播是主要途径且呈上升态势,注射毒品传播呈下降趋势。在强化对广泛大众健康教育的基础上,加强对发现的艾滋病感染者及病人管理,落实对重点高危行业和重点高危人群的综合干预,仍是今后的重要防治策略。
Objective To understand the status quo and characteristics of AIDS epidemic in Suining City and provide the basis for making prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze AIDS epidemic data in Suining from 1995 to 2012. Results A total of 858 HIV / AIDS cases were reported in 1995-2012. The reported incidence increased from 0.519 / 100000 in 2004 to 8.19 / 100000 in 2012. The highest incidence in 2012 reported that Chuanshan reached 12.45 / 100000, followed by residential areas (9.20 / 100000) and Shehong (6.90 / 100000); Han and permanent population, accounting for the total number of cases 98.02% and 87.41% respectively. The incidence of male infection was more than that of female (χ2 = 181.66, P <0.05). The HIV / AIDS detected in this survey was mainly based on the other patients, testing and consultation, preoperative examination, Of the infected population was 74.48%. The routes of transmission were mainly heterosexual transmission, same-sex transmission and drug abuse transmission, accounting for 70.16%, 16.90% and 5.83% of the total cases, respectively. The occupations, household and unemployed (20.67%), migrant workers (10.84%), workers and others (8.51% and 7.93%) were from the highest to the lowest respectively. Conclusion The overall epidemic situation of AIDS in Suining City is on the rise with diversified routes of infection and spread to many kinds of people. Sexual contact is the main route of transmission and is on the rise. The spread of injecting drugs shows a downward trend. On the basis of strengthening health education for the general public, it is still an important strategy in the future to step up the management of HIV-infected patients and patients found out and to implement comprehensive intervention in key high-risk industries and key high-risk groups.