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目的研究自然条件下大头金蝇(Chrysomya megacephala)幼虫在吗啡(morphine)作用下的生长发育情况,积累石家庄地区尸食性蝇类的法医昆虫毒理学资料,为中毒尸体死后间隔时间(PMI)的推断提供理论依据。方法诱捕大头金蝇,以第三代作为母代开始实验。于自然条件下分别用0、0.5、1.0和2.0倍致死量吗啡处理后的家兔肌肉组织饲养大头金蝇幼虫,依照给药浓度从小到大依次标记为M0、M1、M2、M3。幼虫孵化12h后,每12h取幼虫10头,直至半数以上化蛹,将幼虫烫死并消化内部组织成分,取头节制作头咽骨标本,利用计算机图像分析系统测定头咽骨的总面积、骨化面积及平均吸光度值,采用SPSS16.0软件进行处理和分析。通过多种方法测量实验环境温度,记录并进行分析。结果同一药物浓度条件下,大头金蝇幼虫头咽骨颜色随时间的延长而变化,其颜色由浅棕黄色逐渐加深为黑褐色;骨化程度不断加强并伴有骨化面积的逐渐增大。M3组幼虫头咽骨的总面积、骨化面积和平均吸光度值分别于36、48和72h时达到最大,而其余3组的各项指标均于84h达到最大值。M3组头咽骨最大总面积显著大于其他3组,且M3[(0.166±0.007)mm2]>M1[(0.153±0.014)mm2]>M2[(0.151±0.016)mm2]>M0[(0.144±0.029)mm2]。M3组头咽骨最大骨化面积显著大于其他3组,且M3[(0.097±0.014)mm2]>M2[(0.093±0.007)mm2]>M1[(0.091±0.005)mm2]>M0[(0.090±0.008)mm2]。在12h~24h时,4组间的平均吸光度值差异有统计学意义,M0[0.576±0.035(12h),0.662±0.011(24h)]M2(0.882±0.007)>M1(0.879±0.008)>M0(0.873±0.006)。自然条件下大头金蝇从产卵至半数化蛹历时4.5d。结论高浓度的吗啡加快了幼虫的发育速度。自然条件下大头金蝇由卵至幼虫的发育历期短于室内恒温条件下发育历期。
Objective To study the growth and development of Chrysomya megacephala larvae under morphine in natural conditions and to accumulate the toxicological data of the forensic insects on the autophagous flies in Shijiazhuang area for the purpose of measuring the postmortem interval time (PMI) Inferred to provide a theoretical basis. Methods Trapping golden flies, the third generation as the mother to start the experiment. Under natural conditions, the Musca domestica larvae were fed with 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0-fold lethal morphine, respectively. The larvae were labeled as M0, M1, M2 and M3 according to their concentration. After larvae hatched for 12h, 10 larvae were taken every 12h, until more than half of them were pupated, the larvae were burned to death and the internal tissue components were digested, the head pharyngeal bone samples were taken from the head section, the total area of the head pharyngeal bone was measured by computer image analysis system, Ossification area and average absorbance value, using SPSS16.0 software for processing and analysis. The experimental ambient temperature is measured in a number of ways, recorded and analyzed. Results Under the same drug concentration, the color of head pharyngeal phalanges changed with time, and its color gradually deepened from dark brown to dark brown; the degree of ossification increased with the increase of ossification area. The total area, the ossification area and the average absorbance value of head pharyngeal bone of M3 group larvae reached the maximum at 36, 48 and 72 h respectively, while the other three groups reached the maximum at 84 h. The maximal total area of head pharyngeal bone in M3 group was significantly larger than that in the other three groups, and M3 [(0.166 ± 0.007) mm2]> M1 [(0.153 ± 0.014) mm2]> M2 [0.151 ± 0.016] mm2]> M0 0.029) mm2]. The maximal ossification area of the pharyngeal pharyngeal bone in M3 group was significantly larger than that of the other three groups, and M3 [(0.097 ± 0.014) mm2]> M0 [(0.093 ± 0.007) mm2]> M0 ± 0.008) mm2]. The mean absorbance values of the four groups were statistically significant at 12 h ~ 24 h. M0 [0.576 ± 0.035 (12h), 0.662 ± 0.011 (24h)] M2 (0.882 ± 0.007)> M1 (0.879 ± 0.008)> M0 (0.873 ± 0.006). Under natural conditions, the golden flies from eggs to half of the pupal duration 4.5d. Conclusion High concentrations of morphine accelerate the development of larvae. Under natural conditions, the developmental duration of the golden flies from eggs to larvae is shorter than that under constant indoor temperature.