儿童肥胖与2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)的发病密切相关,是T2DM最重要的危险因子。T2DM早期可出现一系列相关的症状和/或疾病,包括:胰岛素抵抗(insulin resistance,IR)、糖耐量减低(impaired glucosetolerance,IGT)、脂代谢紊乱、代谢综合征(metabolic syndrome,MS)、黑色棘皮病(acanthosis nigricans,AN)等,肥胖在这些疾病的发生发展中起了重要作用。本文从以上五个方面介绍了儿童肥胖与T2DM相关疾病的研究进展,为预防和降低肥胖儿童T2DM发病率提供了病因学参考。 Childhood obesity is closely related to the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is the most important risk factor for T2DM. A number of related symptoms and / or diseases may develop early in T2DM, including insulin resistance (IR), impaired glucosetolerance (IGT), lipid metabolism disorder, metabolic syndrome (MS), black Acanthosis nigricans (AN), etc., obesity in the occurrence and development of these diseases has played an important role. This article introduces the research progress of childhood obesity and T2DM-related diseases from the above five aspects and provides etiological reference for preventing and reducing the incidence of T2DM in obese children.