小儿腹泻是一种常见病。按照世界卫生组织规定,除已明确为非感染病因引起的如乳糖不耐受症或已习惯诊断名称的如霍乱、细菌性痢疾外。其他小儿腹泻都应诊断为小儿肠炎。小儿腹泻后机体引起脱水、酸中毒、低钾。脱水多数为等张脱水;少数营养不良、腹泻严重、食水量多、病程长者为低张脱水。酸中毒多数是由于尿量少、进食少、有机酸增加所致的阴离子间隙增 Pediatric diarrhea is a common disease. In accordance with the provisions of the World Health Organization, in addition to those already clearly diagnosed as non-infectious causes such as lactose intolerance or accustomed to the diagnosis of the name of cholera, such as bacillary dysentery. Other pediatric diarrhea should be diagnosed as pediatric enteritis. After diarrhea in children caused by dehydration, acidosis, hypokalemia. Most of dehydration is isotonic dehydration; a few malnutrition, severe diarrhea, water intake, the duration of the elderly hypoplasia. Acidosis is mostly due to less urine output, eating less, increased by the increase of organic acid anion gap