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文章从结构的视角界定了汉语最长名词短语(MNP)的复杂性概念,提出以内部结构的分布倾向性和结构标记性两个指标作为判断复杂结构的依据,将最长名词短语分为简单MNP和复杂MNP。复杂MNP包括了有标记和无标记两种情况,其中有标记的复杂MNP形式多样,占据了主要部分。从分布位置上看,复杂MNP的“的”前定语位置对复杂结构的容纳性最强,但中心语位置也包含少量复杂结构。复杂结构外化为线性表面,形成了动词介词成分内含、边界处连续动词介词分布、歧义结构等识别中的难点问题,针对性地研究这些问题有助于最长名词短语的识别工作。
The article defines the concept of complexity of the Chinese longest noun phrase (MNP) from the perspective of structure. It proposes to use the two indicators of the distribution of internal structure and structural marker as the basis for judging the complex structure. The longest noun phrase is divided into simple MNP and complex MNP. Complicated MNP includes both marked and unmarked cases, in which the marked complex MNP has various forms and occupies the main part. From the distribution point of view, the complex MNP’s “anchor” preposition has the strongest accommodation for complex structures, but the centroid position also contains a small number of complex structures. The complex structure is externalized to a linear surface, forming the difficulties in recognizing the prepositions of verbs, the prepositions of continuous verbs at the boundaries, and the disambiguation structures. Targeted research on these problems contributes to the identification of the longest noun phrase.